中医特色护理技术干预混合痔术后疼痛临床研究

目的:观察在常规术后治疗与护理基础上加用中药熏洗结合针刺、耳穴贴压的综合特色护理技术干预混合痔吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)术后疼痛的效果。方法:将110例PPH术后患者随机分为对照组和观察组各55例。2组术后患者均行常规补液、抗炎、止血等对症处理,术后第1天起常规每天清洁换药,应用吲哚美辛栓术后纳肛,肛泰软膏适量外涂肛周,口服氨酚双氢可待因片,高锰酸钾坐浴,并予疼痛护理、饮食指导、排便指导等护理措施。观察组加予中药熏洗、针刺、耳穴贴压等中医护理技术。2组疗程均为5天。采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)分别于术后12 h、1天、2天、3天和5天评价疼痛情况,记录术后5天的氨酚双氢可待因片用量;术后1天、3天、5天评定创面水肿、渗液、便血和尿潴留的症状积分。结果:术后1天、3天、5天,2组VAS评分均较术后12 h下降(P<0.01),观察组术后1天、3天、5天的VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.01)。术后3天、5天,2组症状积分均较术后1天下降(P<0.01),观察组术后3天、5天的症状积分均低于对照组(P<0.01)。术后5天的氨酚双氢可待因片使用量观察组为(8.62±2.11)片,少于对照组的(12.37±2.53)片(P<0.01)。结论:在常规术后治疗与护理的基础上加用中医综合特色护理技术,能更为有效地减轻混合痔PPH术后疼痛,减少镇痛药物的使用,减少术后其他并发症的发生,从而有利于患者的恢复。     

生大黄贴敷神阙穴在经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术后应用观察

目的探讨生大黄贴敷神阙穴配合莱菔子热熨,预防经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术后患者腹胀便秘的效果。方法选取2015年1月—2019年12月收治的行经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术后患者100例,随机分为试验组50例,对照组50例;在临床护理方法相同的基础上试验组采用生大黄加75%酒精调贴敷神阙穴配合莱菔子热熨。结果2组患者腹胀便秘发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验组发生腹胀便秘发生率明显低于对照组。结论生大黄贴敷神阙穴配合莱菔子热熨有效地预防经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术后患者腹胀、便秘,促进患者康复。     

The effects of human following behaviours on decision making during aperture crossing scenarios

BackgroundEveryday locomotion often requires that we navigate crowded and cluttered environments. Individuals navigating through nonconfined space will require a deviation from the straight path in order to avoid apertures smaller than 1.4 times their shoulder width. When in a crowd, humans will follow the behaviours of those directly in front of them, making changes to their walking speed and direction heading based on the changes made by the people they are following.Research QuestionThe current study aimed to discover whether the decisions made by young adults regarding the passability of an aperture would be influenced by the presence of a leader completing the same nonconfined aperture crossing task.MethodsParticipants (N = 24) walked in a virtual reality environment along a 6.5 m pathway towards a goal while avoiding two virtual poles which created an aperture (0.8–1.8 times the participants’ shoulder widths). For some trials, a sex-matched avatar (shoulder width of 0.8, 1.0, or 1.2 times the participants’ shoulder widths) completed the aperture crossing task, using its own body-scaled information, ahead of the participant.ResultsParticipants walked through apertures smaller than 1.4 times their shoulder width (i.e. critical point) regardless of avatars’ independent behaviours. Participants began to deviate 3.69 m from the aperture on all trials that required a deviation and approached their goal at a slower speed when the avatar was present.SignificanceThis study demonstrates that during a nonconfined aperture crossing task, individuals are not influenced by human following behaviours and will continue to make decisions based on their own body-scaled information.     

补中益气汤联合耳穴贴压对消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者免疫功能及血清皮质醇的影响

目的:探讨补中益气汤联合耳穴贴压对消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者免疫功能及血清皮质醇的影响。方法:选择消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者92例,以随机数字表法分为两组,各46例。对照组常规治疗加耳穴贴压,观察组在对照组基础上加用补中益气汤。对比两组临床疗效、疲劳症状、生活质量、免疫功能指标、血清皮质醇及不良反应。结果:观察组总有效率为80.43%,高于对照组的60.87%(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者PFS、CD₈⁺均降低,但观察组降低水平更大; 治疗后两组QLQ-C30、CD₃⁺、CD₄⁺及Cor水平均明显升高,且观察组升高幅度更大(P<0.05)。治疗期间对照组未出现明显不良反应,观察组出现2例,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组平均生存时间为(11.80±0.62)个月,观察组平均生存时间为(14.47±0.67)个月,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:补中益气汤联合耳穴贴压可提高消化道肿瘤癌因性疲乏患者临床疗效,延长患者生存期,改善疲劳症状、免疫功能指标,提高生活质量及皮质醇水平。     

Three-dimensional facial volume analysis using algorithm-based personalized aesthetic templates

Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry is commonly used to assess volumetric changes after facial procedures. A lack of clear landmarks in aesthetic regions complicates the reproduction of selected areas in sequential images. A three-dimensional volumetric analysis was developed based on a personalized aesthetic template. The accuracy and reproducibility of this method were assessed. Six female volunteers were photographed using the 3dMDtrio system according to a clinical protocol, twice at baseline (T1) and twice after 1 year (T2). A styrofoam head was used as control. A standardized aesthetic template was morphed over the baseline images of the volunteers using a coherent point drift algorithm. The resulting personalized template was projected over all sequential images to assess surface area differences, volume differences, and root mean square errors. In 12 well-defined aesthetic areas, mean average surface area and volume differences between the two T1 images ranged from −7.6 mm² to 10.1 mm² and −0.11 cm³ to 0.13 cm³, respectively. T1 root mean square errors ranged between 0.24 mm and 0.62 mm (standard deviation 0.18–0.73 mm). Comparable differences were found between the T2 images. An increase in volume between T1 and T2 was only observed for volunteers who gained in body weight. Personalized aesthetic templates are an accurate and reproducible method to assess changes in aesthetic areas.     

环境水样中痕量铜的浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱测定法

目的建立环境水样中痕量铜的浊点萃取(cloud point extraction,CPE)-火焰原子吸收光谱(flame atomic absorption spectrometry,FAAS)测定法。方法样品在p H 9.5的条件下,加入0.4 ml的1 mmol/L 2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(5-Br-PADAP)溶液,0.1%氯化钙溶液0.1 ml,5%(W/V)Triton X-114溶液0.8 ml,40℃加热15 min后离心,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法进行检测。结果在2~240μg/L的线性范围内,所得回归方程为A=0.002 7c+0.024 6,r=0.995 8。以3倍信噪比计算,方法的检出限为0.62μg/L,富集倍数为36.58倍,平均加标回收率为96.28%~98.08%,RSD为1.67%~3.13%。结论该方法简单、灵敏,具有良好的重现性,适用于环境水样中痕量铜的测定。     

Impact of physical therapists’ instructions on function and the perception of post-dry needling soreness in mechanical cervical pain; a randomized clinical trial

BackgroundTo investigate the impact of physical therapists’ instructions on the perception of post dry needling (DN) soreness and function in patients with mechanical neck pain.MethodsSeventy-five patients with neck pain were randomly assigned to three groups: “positive” group (n = 25) received positive verbal input; “negative” group (n = 25) received negative verbal input, and control group (n = 25) did not receive any input about post-needling soreness. All three groups received DN of a trigger point in the upper trapezius muscle. The subjective pain experience, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and neck disability Index (NDI) were assessed before and after DN.ResultsPatients in all groups showed improvement in pain, PPT and NDI. There were no significant differences in pain (P = 0.41) and PPT (P = 0.68) in the positive and negative groups compared with the control group. Significant difference in function was seen with the NDI after DN of patients in the positive and negative groups compared with the control group (P = 0.011, standard error: 1.08–1.5).ConclusionConsidering that the power of our study may be too low to draw more definitive conclusions, DN appears to be an effective technique to improve pain and mechanical hyperalgesia. The experience of post-needling soreness does not appear to influence the outcome of DN on pain, PPT, and NDI. Post-needling soreness does not seem to be a limiting factor in achieving acceptable outcomes, especially when clinicians offer DN within a therapeutic emphasizing a positive patient response. This study questions whether any treatments need to be offered to patients receiving DN.     

穿戴式头穴康复设备的设计与实现

目的 设计一种新型穿戴式头穴治疗设备,验证其可行性、安全性和有效性。方法 基于头部经络走行、可穿戴及经颅电刺激原理,设计头部穿戴装置。将2015年6月至2018年2月收治的80例缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为对照组(n = 40)和观察组(n = 40)。对照组进行常规康复治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用穿戴式头穴设备治疗,共4周。采用Fugl-Meyer评定量表(FMA)和改良Barthel指数(MBI)评定治疗前后运动功能和日常生活活动能力。治疗过程中观察该设备的安全性能和操作的稳定性,记录应用此设备治疗前后患者的体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压等。结果 成功制作原型机。治疗前,两组FMA评分、MBI评分无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。治疗后,两组FMA评分、MBI评分均较治疗前提高( t > 2.448, P < 0.05),观察组评分高于对照组(| t| > 2.202, P < 0.05)。采用该设备治疗过程中患者体温、脉搏、呼吸均未发生变化,血压未见升高。 结论 本文设计的穿戴式头穴康复设备安全可靠、可操作性强,可有效提高缺血性脑卒中患者的运动功能和日常生活活动能力。